N.D. Lagaros, V. Plevris and N.A. Kallioras, "The mosaic of metaheuristic algorithms in structural optimization", Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering (State of the art reviews), 2022.

Abstract:
Metaheuristic optimization algorithms (MOAs) represent powerful tools for dealing with multi-modal nonlinear optimization problems. The considerable attention that MOAs have received over the last decade and especially when adopted for dealing with several types of structural optimization problems can be mainly credited to the advances achieved in computer science and computer technology rendering possible, among others, the solution of real-world structural design optimization cases in reasonable computational time. The primal scope of the study is to present a state-of-the-art review of past and current developments achieved so far in structural optimization problems dealt with MOAs, accompanied by a set of tests aiming to examine the efficiency of various MOAs in several benchmark structural optimization problems. For this purpose, 24 population-based state-of-the-art MOAs belonging in four classes, (i) swarm-based; (ii) physics-based; (iii) evolutionary-based; and (iv) human-based, are used for solving 11 single objective benchmark structural optimization test problems of different levels of complexity. The size of the problems employed varies, with the number of unknowns ranging from 3 to 328 and the number of constraint functions ranging from 2 to 264, related to the structural performance of the design with reference to deformation and stress limits.